Airworthy PrepScore report lookup
A&P test codes, explained
Your FAA written test report lists a code like AM.I.A.K1 for each element you got wrong. Type or paste one below to see what it means, with a free practice question on it. The examiner retests every one of these codes in your oral test.
All of them at once is fine, with commas, spaces or line breaks, in any case. You get a study plan grouped by subject. Nothing is sent anywhere: it runs in your browser.
A&P General
A. Fundamentals of Electricity and Electronics
- AM.I.A.K1Electron theory (conventional flow vs. electron flow).
- AM.I.A.K2Magnetism.
- AM.I.A.K3Capacitance in a circuit.
- AM.I.A.K4Inductance in a circuit.
- AM.I.A.K5Alternating current (AC) electrical circuits.
- AM.I.A.K6Direct current (DC) electrical circuits.
- AM.I.A.K7Electrical laws and theory.
- AM.I.A.K7aOhm's Law
- AM.I.A.K7bKirchhoff's Laws
- AM.I.A.K7cWatt's Law
- AM.I.A.K7dFaraday's Law
- AM.I.A.K7eLenz's Law
- AM.I.A.K7fRight-hand motor rule
- AM.I.A.K8Electrical measurement tools, principles, and procedures.
- AM.I.A.K9Voltage.
- AM.I.A.K9aRegulation
- AM.I.A.K10Current.
- AM.I.A.K11Resistance.
- AM.I.A.K11aImpedance
- AM.I.A.K11bResistance in series
- AM.I.A.K11cResistance in parallel
- AM.I.A.K11dTotal resistance
- AM.I.A.K12Power.
- AM.I.A.K13Series circuits.
- AM.I.A.K14Parallel circuits.
- AM.I.A.K15Aircraft batteries.
- AM.I.A.K16Transformers.
- AM.I.A.K17Circuit continuity.
- AM.I.A.K18Controlling devices, including switches and relays.
- AM.I.A.K19Protective devices, including fuses, circuit breakers, and current limiters.
- AM.I.A.K20Resistor types and color coding.
- AM.I.A.K21Semiconductors, including diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits.
- AM.I.A.K22Digital logic, including RAM, ROM, NVRAM, logic gates, inverter, rectifier, and flip flop.
- AM.I.A.K23Binary numbers.
- AM.I.A.K24Electrostatic discharge.
- AM.I.A.K25Electrical circuit drawings.
- AM.I.A.K26Complex/combined circuits.
- AM.I.A.K27AC and DC motors.
- AM.I.A.R1Taking voltage, current, resistance, and capacitance measurements.
- AM.I.A.R2Handling, storage, and inspection of different types of batteries (i.e., lead acid, NiCad, lithium ion, gel cell).
- AM.I.A.R3High-voltage circuits (e.g., strobe lighting).
- AM.I.A.R4Working around batteries.
B. Aircraft Drawings
- AM.I.B.K1Drawings, blueprints, sketches, charts, graphs, and system schematics, including commonly used lines, symbols, and terminology.
- AM.I.B.K2Repair or alteration of an aircraft system or component(s) using drawings, blueprints, or system schematics to determine whether it conforms to its type design.
- AM.I.B.K3Inspection of an aircraft system or component(s) using drawings, blueprints, or system schematics.
- AM.I.B.K4Terms used in conjunction with aircraft drawings, blueprints, or system schematics.
- AM.I.B.R1Interpretation of plus or minus tolerances as depicted on aircraft drawings.
- AM.I.B.R2Specifications for design of alterations and repairs.
- AM.I.B.R3Applicability of the drawing or schematic to the particular aircraft by model and serial number.
- AM.I.B.R4Identification of the current version and applicability of drawing being used.
C. Weight and Balance
- AM.I.C.K1Weight and balance terminology.
- AM.I.C.K2Purpose for weighing an aircraft.
- AM.I.C.K3Weighing procedures, including the general preparations for weighing, with emphasis on aircraft weighing area considerations.
- AM.I.C.K4Procedures for calculation of the following: arm, positive or negative moment, center of gravity (CG), or moment index.
- AM.I.C.K5Purpose and application of weight and CG limits.
- AM.I.C.K6Purpose of determining CG.
- AM.I.C.K7Adverse loading considerations and how to calculate if adverse loading causes an out-of-limit condition.
- AM.I.C.K8Determine proper empty weight configuration.
- AM.I.C.K9Proper ballast placement.
- AM.I.C.K10Jacking an aircraft.
- AM.I.C.R1Situations and conditions when jacking an aircraft.
- AM.I.C.R2Aircraft weighing procedures.
- AM.I.C.R3Use of scales.
- AM.I.C.R4Aerodynamic effect of CG that is forward or aft of CG limits.
- AM.I.C.R5Aerodynamic and performance effects of weight in excess of limits.
D. Fluid Lines and Fittings
- AM.I.D.K1Tubing and hose materials, applications, sizes, and fittings.
- AM.I.D.K2Rigid line or flexible hose material identification.
- AM.I.D.K3Rigid line fabrication, installation, and inspection techniques/practices.
- AM.I.D.K4Flexible hose fabrication, installation, and inspection techniques/practices.
- AM.I.D.K5Importance of using a torque wrench when securing fluid hose and line fittings.
- AM.I.D.K6Use of torque seal or similar witness techniques after installing critical fluid hose and line fittings.
- AM.I.D.R1System configuration prior to and during maintenance.
- AM.I.D.R2Use of required safety equipment.
- AM.I.D.R3Hazardous fluids.
- AM.I.D.R4High-pressure fluid systems.
- AM.I.D.R5A twisted hose.
- AM.I.D.R6A loosened fitting or a hose that has moved out of position.
- AM.I.D.R7Use of tools while applying torque to a fluid line.
E. Aircraft Materials, Hardware, and Processes
- AM.I.E.K1Materials commonly used in aircraft and their general application.
- AM.I.E.K2Heat treatment and metal working processes.
- AM.I.E.K3Forces placed on aircraft materials (e.g., tension, compression, torsion, bending, strain, and shear).
- AM.I.E.K4Hardware commonly used in aircraft (e.g., bolts, nuts, screws, pins, washers, turnlock fasteners, cables, cable fittings, and rigid line couplings).
- AM.I.E.K5Safety wire and safety clip requirements and techniques.
- AM.I.E.K6Precision measurement tools, principles, and procedures.
- AM.I.E.K7Soldering preparation, types of solder, and flux usage.
- AM.I.E.K8Torquing tools, principles, and procedures.
- AM.I.E.K9Suitability and compatibility of materials and hardware used for maintenance.
- AM.I.E.K10Relationship between torque and fastener preload.
- AM.I.E.K11Identification markings on materials and hardware.
- AM.I.E.K12Characteristics of acceptable welds.
- AM.I.E.K13Characteristics of unacceptable welds.
- AM.I.E.K14Procedures for weld repairs.
- AM.I.E.R1Use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
- AM.I.E.R2Improper torque.
- AM.I.E.R3Used hardware or suspected unapproved parts (SUPS).
- AM.I.E.R4Torquing techniques on critical, highly-stressed fasteners.
F. Ground Operations and Servicing
- AM.I.F.K1Aircraft towing procedures.
- AM.I.F.K2Aircraft securing procedures.
- AM.I.F.K3Aviation fueling/defueling procedures.
- AM.I.F.K4Airport operation area procedures and ATC communications, including runway incursion prevention.
- AM.I.F.K5Engine starting, ground operation, and aircraft taxiing procedures.
- AM.I.F.K6Types/classes of fire extinguishers and procedures.
- AM.I.F.K7Aircraft oil, hydraulic and pneumatic, and deicing servicing procedures.
- AM.I.F.K8Oxygen system servicing procedures.
- AM.I.F.K9Characteristics of aviation gasoline and turbine fuels, including basic types and means of identification.
- AM.I.F.K10Fuel additives commonly used in the field.
- AM.I.F.K11Use of approved grades/types of fuel in aircraft engines.
- AM.I.F.K12Tool and hardware use and accountability.
- AM.I.F.K13Material handling.
- AM.I.F.K14Parts protections.
- AM.I.F.K15Hazardous materials, Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and PPE.
- AM.I.F.K16Foreign object damage effects.
- AM.I.F.R1Preparing to tow an aircraft.
- AM.I.F.R2Connecting external power equipment to an aircraft.
- AM.I.F.R3Fueling/defueling ungrounded aircraft or using improper equipment.
- AM.I.F.R4Misfueling and using incorrect or contaminated fuel.
- AM.I.F.R5Oxygen system servicing.
- AM.I.F.R6Engine start/run-up without using a checklist.
- AM.I.F.R7Engine starting and ground operations.
- AM.I.F.R8Engine starting and operation while troubleshooting or adjusting engine controls.
- AM.I.F.R9Ground operation of an aircraft engine with cowling removed contrary to manufacturer instructions.
- AM.I.F.R10Ground operation of aircraft in the vicinity of other aircraft or ground support equipment.
G. Cleaning and Corrosion Control
- AM.I.G.K1Aircraft cleaning procedures.
- AM.I.G.K2Corrosion theory and causation.
- AM.I.G.K3Types and effects of corrosion.
- AM.I.G.K4Corrosion-prone areas in aircraft.
- AM.I.G.K5Corrosion preventive maintenance procedures.
- AM.I.G.K6Corrosion identification and inspection.
- AM.I.G.K7Corrosion removal and treatment procedures.
- AM.I.G.K8Corrosion preventive compounds (CPC) (e.g., waxy sealants, thin-film dielectrics).
- AM.I.G.K9Selection of optimal CPC and frequency of treatment.
- AM.I.G.K10Use of high-pressure application equipment.
- AM.I.G.K11Improper use of cleaners on aluminum or composite materials.
- AM.I.G.K12Dissimilar metals causing accelerated corrosion and role of protective barriers to mitigate this risk.
- AM.I.G.K13Conversion coatings.
- AM.I.G.K14Materials used for protection of airframe structures.
- AM.I.G.K15Primer materials.
- AM.I.G.K16Topcoat materials.
- AM.I.G.K17Surface preparation for a desired finishing material.
- AM.I.G.K18Effects of ambient conditions on finishing materials.
- AM.I.G.K19Effects of improper surface preparation on finishing materials.
- AM.I.G.K20Regulatory requirements for replacing identification, registration markings, and placards.
- AM.I.G.K21Inspection of aircraft finishes.
- AM.I.G.K22Safety practices/precautions when using finishing materials (e.g., PPE, fire prevention).
- AM.I.G.K23Finishing materials application techniques and practices.
- AM.I.G.K24Control surface balance considerations after refinishing.
- AM.I.G.R1Health concerns when using paints, solvents, finishing materials, and processes.
- AM.I.G.R2Ventilation.
- AM.I.G.R3Identification of materials and processes to be used for cleaning or corrosion treatment on a given part or structure to prevent further damage.
- AM.I.G.R4SDS PPE instructions for products during removal and treatment of corrosion.
- AM.I.G.R5Working with flammable chemicals.
- AM.I.G.R6Disposal of chemicals and waste materials.
- AM.I.G.R7Use of PPE when working with paints and solvents.
- AM.I.G.R8Application of finishing materials.
H. Mathematics
- AM.I.H.K1Areas of various geometrical shapes.
- AM.I.H.K2Volumes of various geometrical shapes.
- AM.I.H.K3Definitions, descriptions and use of geometrical terms, including but not limited to any of the following: polygon, pi, diameter, radius, and hypotenuse.
- AM.I.H.K4Ratio problems, including examples of where or how they may be used in relation to aircraft maintenance or system(s) operation.
- AM.I.H.K5Proportion and percentage problems, including examples of where or how they may be used in relation to aircraft maintenance or system(s) operation.
- AM.I.H.K6Algebraic operations, including examples of where or how they may be used in relation to aircraft maintenance.
- AM.I.H.K7Conditions or areas in which metric conversion may be necessary.
- AM.I.H.K8Scientific (exponential) notation, decimal notation, fractional notation, binary notation, and conversion between these various forms of numeric notation.
- AM.I.H.K9Rounding numbers.
- AM.I.H.K10Powers and special powers.
- AM.I.H.K11Measurement systems.
- AM.I.H.K12Use of positive and negative integers in mathematical operations.
- AM.I.H.K13Basic mathematic functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division).
- AM.I.H.R1Precedence of operations when solving an algebraic equation.
- AM.I.H.R2Use of both positive and negative integers in mathematical operations.
- AM.I.H.R3Rounding off calculations.
I. Regulations, Maintenance Forms, Records, and Publications
- AM.I.I.K1Privileges and limitations of a mechanic certificate.
- AM.I.I.K2Recent experience requirements and how to re-establish once lost.
- AM.I.I.K3Maintenance record entry for approval for return to service after maintenance and alterations.
- AM.I.I.K4Maintenance record entry for approval for return to service after inspection.
- AM.I.I.K5The purpose and use of FAA forms (e.g., FAA Forms 337, 8010-4, 8100-2, 8130-3).
- AM.I.I.K6Maintenance terminology as defined in 14 CFR part 1 (e.g., time in service, maintenance, preventive maintenance, major alteration, major repair, minor alteration, minor repair).
- AM.I.I.K7Criteria and responsibility for determining whether a repair or alteration is major or minor.
- AM.I.I.K8The regulatory framework, including general subject matter of the parts of 14 CFR relevant to aircraft maintenance and mechanics.
- AM.I.I.K9Agency publications and guidance materials, including aircraft specifications, TCDSs, advisory circulars (AC), and airworthiness directives (AD).
- AM.I.I.K10Alternative Method of Compliance (AMOC) for an AD.
- AM.I.I.K11Manufacturer publications, including maintenance manuals, service bulletins, maintenance alerts, and master minimum equipment lists.
- AM.I.I.K12FAA databases and resources available, including TCDSs and supplemental type certificates.
- AM.I.I.K13Compliance requirements for manufacturer-specified methods, techniques, and practices.
- AM.I.I.K14Compliance requirements for manufacturer-specified maintenance and inspection intervals.
- AM.I.I.K15FAA-approved maintenance data, including maintenance manuals and other methods, techniques, and practices acceptable by the administrator.
- AM.I.I.K16Difference between approved data and acceptable data, and when each is required.
- AM.I.I.K17FAA-approved airworthiness limitations.
- AM.I.I.K18Alert, caution, and warning indications; and the basic definition of warnings, cautions, and notes that are used in maintenance and operating manuals.
- AM.I.I.K19Inoperative equipment.
- AM.I.I.K20Discrepancy records or placards.
- AM.I.I.K21Usable on (effectivity) codes in parts manuals.
- AM.I.I.K22Methods used to establish the serial number effectivity of an item.
- AM.I.I.K23Mechanic address change notification procedures.
- AM.I.I.R1Completeness or accuracy of documentation.
- AM.I.I.R2Use of SDS.
- AM.I.I.R3Complacency during documentation phase of maintenance procedures.
- AM.I.I.R4Adherence to warnings, cautions, or notes in maintenance and operational manuals.
- AM.I.I.R5Determination of component applicability to a given aircraft.
J. Physics for Aviation
- AM.I.J.K1Matter and energy.
- AM.I.J.K2Work, power, force, and motion.
- AM.I.J.K3Simple machines and mechanics.
- AM.I.J.K4Heat and pressure.
- AM.I.J.K5Bernoulli’s Principle.
- AM.I.J.K6Newton’s Law of Motion.
- AM.I.J.K7Gas law and fluid mechanics.
- AM.I.J.K8Theory of flight (aerodynamics).
- AM.I.J.K9Standard atmosphere and factors affecting atmospheric conditions.
- AM.I.J.K10Primary and secondary aircraft flight controls.
- AM.I.J.K11Additional aerodynamic devices, including vortex generators, wing fences, and stall strips.
- AM.I.J.K12Relationship between temperature, density, weight, and volume.
- AM.I.J.K13Force, area, or pressure in a specific application.
- AM.I.J.R1Changes in aircraft and engine performance due to density altitude.
- AM.I.J.R2Effect a repair can have on a flight surface.
- AM.I.J.R3Use of performance/testing data.
- AM.I.J.R4Use of related units of measure (e.g., Celsius vs. Fahrenheit).
K. Inspection Concepts and Techniques
- AM.I.K.K1Measuring tools, including calipers, micrometers, and gauges.
- AM.I.K.K2Calibration and tool accuracy requirements.
- AM.I.K.K3Nondestructive Testing (NDT) procedures and methods.
- AM.I.K.K4Aircraft inspection programs (e.g., progressive, 100-hour, annual, and other FAA-approved inspections).
- AM.I.K.K5Aircraft inspection methods and tools for materials, hardware, and processes.
- AM.I.K.R1Demagnetizing a component following a magnetic particle inspection.
- AM.I.K.R2Using precision measuring instruments.
- AM.I.K.R3Calibration of precision measuring equipment.
- AM.I.K.R4Selection of inspection techniques.
- AM.I.K.R5Damage prevention to aircraft components and test equipment when using an ohmmeter.
L. Human Factors
- AM.I.L.K1Safety culture and organizational factors.
- AM.I.L.K2Human error principles.
- AM.I.L.K3Event investigation.
- AM.I.L.K4Human performance and limitations.
- AM.I.L.K5Physical and social environment.
- AM.I.L.K6Communication/reporting of hazards.
- AM.I.L.K7Teamwork and leadership.
- AM.I.L.K8Professionalism and integrity.
- AM.I.L.K9Shift and task turnover.
- AM.I.L.K10Conditions/preconditions for unsafe acts.
- AM.I.L.K11Types of human errors.
- AM.I.L.R1Selective reporting of hazards.
- AM.I.L.R2Fatigue management and fitness for duty.
- AM.I.L.R3Non-invasive, condition-monitoring technologies.
A&P Airframe
A. Metallic Structures
- AM.II.A.K1Inspection/testing of metal structures.
- AM.II.A.K2Types of sheet metal defects.
- AM.II.A.K3Selection of sheet metal repair materials.
- AM.II.A.K4Layout, forming, and drilling of sheet metal components.
- AM.II.A.K5Selection of rivets, hardware, and fasteners for a sheet metal repair.
- AM.II.A.K6Heat treatment processes for aluminum.
- AM.II.A.K7Rivet layout.
- AM.II.A.K8Rivet removal and installation methods.
- AM.II.A.K9Maintenance safety practices/precautions for sheet metal repairs or fabrications.
- AM.II.A.K10Flame welding gases.
- AM.II.A.K11Storage/handling of welding gases.
- AM.II.A.K12Flame welding practices and techniques.
- AM.II.A.K13Inert-gas welding practices and techniques.
- AM.II.A.K14Purpose and types of shielding gases.
- AM.II.A.K15Types of steel tubing welding repairs.
- AM.II.A.K16Procedures for weld repairs.
- AM.II.A.K17Types of structures and their characteristics.
- AM.II.A.R1Selection of repair materials.
- AM.II.A.R2Utilizing maintenance safety practices/precautions for sheet metal structures.
- AM.II.A.R3Use of PPE when working with sheet metal structures.
- AM.II.A.R4Handling, storage, and use of compressed gas bottles.
- AM.II.A.R5Use of electric welding equipment.
B. Non-Metallic Structures
- AM.II.B.K1Wood structures, including inspection techniques, tools, and practices for wood structures.
- AM.II.B.K2Effects of moisture/humidity on wood and fabric coverings.
- AM.II.B.K3Types and general characteristics of wood used in aircraft structures.
- AM.II.B.K4Permissible substitutes and other materials used in the construction and repair of wood structures.
- AM.II.B.K5Acceptable and unacceptable wood defects.
- AM.II.B.K6Wood repair techniques and practices.
- AM.II.B.K7Factors used in determining the proper type covering material.
- AM.II.B.K8Types of approved aircraft covering material.
- AM.II.B.K9Seams commonly used with aircraft covering.
- AM.II.B.K10Covering textile terms.
- AM.II.B.K11Structure surface preparation.
- AM.II.B.K12Covering methods commonly used.
- AM.II.B.K13Covering means of attachment.
- AM.II.B.K14Areas on aircraft covering most susceptible to deterioration.
- AM.II.B.K15Aircraft covering preservation/restoration.
- AM.II.B.K16Inspection of aircraft covering.
- AM.II.B.K17Covering repair techniques and practices.
- AM.II.B.K18Inspection/testing of composite structures.
- AM.II.B.K19Types of composite structure defects.
- AM.II.B.K20Composite structure fiber, core, and matrix materials.
- AM.II.B.K21Composite materials storage practices and shelf life.
- AM.II.B.K22Composite repair methods, techniques, fasteners, and practices.
- AM.II.B.K23Thermoplastic material inspection/types of defects.
- AM.II.B.K24Thermoplastic material storage and handling.
- AM.II.B.K25Thermoplastic material installation procedures.
- AM.II.B.K26Care and maintenance of windows.
- AM.II.B.K27Window temporary and permanent repairs.
- AM.II.B.K28Maintenance safety practices/precautions for composite materials/structures, and windows.
- AM.II.B.K29Inspecting restraints and upholstery.
- AM.II.B.R1Selection of glue (adhesive) or fasteners for aircraft structure.
- AM.II.B.R2Composite structure repairs.
- AM.II.B.R3Exposure to materials used in composite repair.
- AM.II.B.R4Storage of composite materials.
- AM.II.B.R5Measuring and mixing of materials associated with composite construction.
- AM.II.B.R6Use of materials that are not part of an approved repair system.
- AM.II.B.R7Material shelf-life.
C. Flight Controls
- AM.II.C.K1Control cables.
- AM.II.C.K2Control cable maintenance.
- AM.II.C.K3Cable connectors.
- AM.II.C.K4Cable guides.
- AM.II.C.K5Control stops.
- AM.II.C.K6Push-pull tubes.
- AM.II.C.K7Torque tubes.
- AM.II.C.K8Bellcranks.
- AM.II.C.K9Flutter and flight control balance.
- AM.II.C.K10Rigging of aircraft flight controls.
- AM.II.C.K11Aircraft flight controls and stabilizer systems.
- AM.II.C.K12Other aerodynamic wing features.
- AM.II.C.K13Secondary and auxiliary control surfaces.
- AM.II.C.R1Use of and interpretation of a cable tension chart.
- AM.II.C.R2Rigging aircraft flight controls.
- AM.II.C.R3Selection and use of lifting equipment used to move aircraft components into place for assembly.
- AM.II.C.R4Maintaining a calibration schedule for cable tension meters and other rigging equipment.
- AM.II.C.R5Use and interpretation of cable tensiometers.
D. Airframe Inspection
- AM.II.D.K1Inspection requirements under 14 CFR part 91.
- AM.II.D.K2Maintenance recordkeeping requirements under 14 CFR part 43.
- AM.II.D.K3Requirements for complying with ADs.
- AM.II.D.K4Identification of life-limited parts and their replacement interval.
- AM.II.D.K5Special inspections.
- AM.II.D.K6Use of FAA-approved data.
- AM.II.D.K7Compliance with service letters, service bulletins, instructions for continued airworthiness, or ADs.
- AM.II.D.K8CFRs applicable to inspection and airworthiness.
- AM.II.D.K9Corrosion types and identification.
- AM.II.D.R1Interpretation of inspection instructions, which can lead to over or under maintenance being performed.
- AM.II.D.R2Visual inspection and where to apply it.
- AM.II.D.R3Performing radiographic inspections.
- AM.II.D.R4Selection and use of checklists and other maintenance publications.
- AM.II.D.R5Maintenance record documentation.
E. Landing Gear Systems
- AM.II.E.K1Fixed and retractable landing gear systems.
- AM.II.E.K2Fixed and retractable landing gear components.
- AM.II.E.K3Landing gear strut servicing/lubrication.
- AM.II.E.K4Inspection of bungee and spring steel landing gear systems.
- AM.II.E.K5Steering systems.
- AM.II.E.K6Landing gear position and warning system inspection, check, and servicing.
- AM.II.E.K7Brake assembly servicing and inspection.
- AM.II.E.K8Anti-skid system components and operation.
- AM.II.E.K9Wheel, brake, and tire construction.
- AM.II.E.K10Tire storage, care, and servicing.
- AM.II.E.K11Landing gear and tire and wheel safety and inspection.
- AM.II.E.K12Brake actuating systems.
- AM.II.E.K13Alternative landing gear systems (e.g., skis, floats).
- AM.II.E.R1Landing gear and tire and wheel practices/precautions.
- AM.II.E.R2Use of aircraft jacks.
- AM.II.E.R3High pressure fluids and gases.
- AM.II.E.R4Storage and handling of hydraulic fluids.
- AM.II.E.R5High pressure strut or system disassembly.
- AM.II.E.R6Operation of retractable landing gear systems around personnel.
F. Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
- AM.II.F.K1Hydraulic system components and fluids.
- AM.II.F.K2Hydraulic system operation.
- AM.II.F.K3Hydraulic system servicing requirements.
- AM.II.F.K4Hydraulic system inspection, check, servicing, and troubleshooting.
- AM.II.F.K5Pneumatic system types and components.
- AM.II.F.K6Pneumatic system servicing requirements.
- AM.II.F.K7Servicing, function, and operation of accumulators.
- AM.II.F.K8Types of hydraulic/pneumatic seals and fluid/seal compatibility.
- AM.II.F.K9Hoses, lines, and fittings.
- AM.II.F.K10Pressure regulators, restrictors, and valves.
- AM.II.F.K11Filter maintenance procedures.
- AM.II.F.R1Relieving system pressure prior to system servicing or disassembly.
- AM.II.F.R2High pressure gases and fluids.
- AM.II.F.R3Storage and handling of hydraulic fluids.
- AM.II.F.R4Cross-contamination of hydraulic fluids.
- AM.II.F.R5Compatibility between hydraulic seals and hydraulic fluids.
G. Environmental Systems
- AM.II.G.K1Pressurization systems.
- AM.II.G.K2Bleed air heating.
- AM.II.G.K3Aircraft instrument cooling.
- AM.II.G.K4Exhaust heat exchanger and system component(s) function, operation, and inspection procedures.
- AM.II.G.K5Combustion heater and system component(s) function, operation, and inspection procedures.
- AM.II.G.K6Vapor-cycle system and system component(s) operation, servicing, and inspection procedures.
- AM.II.G.K7Air-cycle system and system component(s) operation and inspection procedures.
- AM.II.G.K8Cabin pressurization and system component(s) operation and inspection procedures.
- AM.II.G.K9Types of oxygen systems and oxygen system component(s) operation (e.g., chemical generator, pressure cylinder).
- AM.II.G.K10Oxygen system maintenance and inspection procedures.
- AM.II.G.R1Oxygen system maintenance.
- AM.II.G.R2Recovery of vapor-cycle refrigerant.
- AM.II.G.R3Handling or performing maintenance on, chemical oxygen generating systems.
- AM.II.G.R4Storage, handling, and use of compressed gas cylinder and high pressure systems.
- AM.II.G.R5Manufacturer's recommended servicing procedures, including refrigerant types.
- AM.II.G.R6Maintenance of combustion heaters.
H. Aircraft Instrument Systems
- AM.II.H.K1Annunciator indicating systems and the meaning of warning, caution, and advisory lights.
- AM.II.H.K2Magnetic compass inspection and operation.
- AM.II.H.K3Magnetic compass swinging procedures.
- AM.II.H.K4Pressure indicating instruments.
- AM.II.H.K5Temperature indicating instruments.
- AM.II.H.K6Position indication sensors and instruments.
- AM.II.H.K7Gyroscopic instruments.
- AM.II.H.K8Direction indicating instruments.
- AM.II.H.K9Instrument vacuum and pneumatic systems.
- AM.II.H.K10Pitot-static system.
- AM.II.H.K11Fuel quantity indicating systems.
- AM.II.H.K12Instrument range markings.
- AM.II.H.K13Electronic displays.
- AM.II.H.K14Electrostatic sensitive devices.
- AM.II.H.K15Built-in test equipment.
- AM.II.H.K16Electronic flight instrument system.
- AM.II.H.K17Engine indication and crew alerting system.
- AM.II.H.K18Head-up displays (HUDs).
- AM.II.H.K1914 CFR parts 43 and 91 requirements for static system leak checks.
- AM.II.H.K20Instrument limitations, conditions, and characteristics.
- AM.II.H.K21Angle of attack and stall warning systems.
- AM.II.H.K22Takeoff and landing gear configuration warning systems.
- AM.II.H.K23Aircraft bonding and protection.
- AM.II.H.K24Instrument or instrument panel removal and installation.
- AM.II.H.R1Use of pressurized air and water during maintenance or cleaning of aircraft instrument systems.
- AM.II.H.R2Actions in response to a reported intermittent warning or caution annunciator light illumination.
- AM.II.H.R3Performing maintenance on equipment identified as electrostatic-sensitive.
- AM.II.H.R4Handling of mechanical gyros or instruments containing mechanical gyros.
- AM.II.H.R5Performing a pitot/static system test.
I. Communication and Navigation Systems
- AM.II.I.K1Radio operating principles.
- AM.II.I.K2Radio components.
- AM.II.I.K3Antenna, static discharge wicks, and avionics identification, inspection, and mounting requirements.
- AM.II.I.K4Interphone and intercom systems.
- AM.II.I.K5Very high frequency (VHF), high frequency (HF), and SATCOM systems.
- AM.II.I.K6Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K7Emergency locator transmitter (ELT).
- AM.II.I.K8Automatic direction finder (ADF).
- AM.II.I.K9VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K10Distance measuring equipment (DME) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K11Instrument landing system (ILS) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K12Global positioning system (GPS) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K13Traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS), theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K14Weather radar.
- AM.II.I.K15Ground proximity warning system (GPWS) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K16Autopilot theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K17Auto-throttle theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K18Stability augmentation systems (SAS) (Rotorcraft).
- AM.II.I.K19Radio altimeter (RA) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K20Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) theory, components, and operation.
- AM.II.I.K21Transponder/encoder system.
- AM.II.I.R1ELT testing procedures.
- AM.II.I.R2Performing maintenance on high power/high frequency systems (e.g., weather radar and SATCOM).
- AM.II.I.R3Wire harness routing.
- AM.II.I.R4Mounting antennas.
- AM.II.I.R5Electro-static discharge.
- AM.II.I.R6Working around live electrical systems.
J. Aircraft Fuel Systems
- AM.II.J.K1Fuel system types.
- AM.II.J.K2Fuel system components, including filters and selector valves.
- AM.II.J.K3Aircraft fuel tanks/cells
- AM.II.J.K4Fuel flow.
- AM.II.J.K5Fuel transfer, fueling, and defueling.
- AM.II.J.K6Fuel jettisoning/dump systems.
- AM.II.J.K7Characteristics of fuel types.
- AM.II.J.K8Fuel system maintenance and inspection.
- AM.II.J.K9Fuel quantity indication.
- AM.II.J.R1Fuel system maintenance.
- AM.II.J.R2Fuel system contamination.
- AM.II.J.R3Fuel spills.
- AM.II.J.R4Fuel system maintenance requiring fuel tank entry.
- AM.II.J.R5Defueling aircraft.
K. Aircraft Electrical Systems
- AM.II.K.K1Generators, DC generation systems, and DC power distribution systems.
- AM.II.K.K2Alternators, AC generation systems, and AC power distribution systems.
- AM.II.K.K3Starter generators.
- AM.II.K.K4constant speed drive (CSD) and integrated drive generator (IDG) systems and components.
- AM.II.K.K5Voltage regulators and over-volt and overcurrent protection.
- AM.II.K.K6Inverter systems.
- AM.II.K.K7Aircraft wiring sizes, types, selection, installation and circuit protection devices.
- AM.II.K.K8Derating factors in switch selection.
- AM.II.K.K9Aircraft wiring shielding.
- AM.II.K.K10Aircraft lightning protection.
- AM.II.K.K11Instrument or instrument panel removal and installation.
- AM.II.K.K12Aircraft lighting systems.
- AM.II.K.K13Electrical system troubleshooting.
- AM.II.K.K14Soldering preparation, types of solder, and flux usage.
- AM.II.K.K15Aircraft electrical connectors, splices, terminals, and switches.
- AM.II.K.K16Electrical system measurement, adjustment, and testing.
- AM.II.K.K17Aircraft battery troubleshooting and maintenance.
- AM.II.K.R1Testing/troubleshooting electrical systems or components.
- AM.II.K.R2Connecting or disconnecting external power.
- AM.II.K.R3Maintenance on energized circuits/systems.
- AM.II.K.R4Maintenance in areas containing aircraft wiring.
- AM.II.K.R5Routing and securing wires and wire bundles.
- AM.II.K.R6Selecting the size of wire in an electrical circuit.
- AM.II.K.R7Selection or installation of wire terminals.
- AM.II.K.R8Effects of soldering.
- AM.II.K.R9Soldering practices.
L. Ice and Rain Control Systems
- AM.II.L.K1Aircraft icing causes/effects.
- AM.II.L.K2Ice detection systems.
- AM.II.L.K3Aircraft and powerplant anti-ice systems and components.
- AM.II.L.K4De-ice systems and components.
- AM.II.L.K5Wiper blade, chemical, and pneumatic bleed air rain control systems.
- AM.II.L.K6Anti-icing and de-icing system maintenance.
- AM.II.L.K7Environmental conditions that degrade vision.
- AM.II.L.R1System testing or maintenance.
- AM.II.L.R2Storage and handling of deicing fluids.
- AM.II.L.R3Selection and use of cleaning materials for heated windshields.
M. Airframe Fire Protection Systems
- AM.II.M.K1Types of fires and aircraft fire zones.
- AM.II.M.K2Overheat and fire detection and warning systems.
- AM.II.M.K3Overheat and fire detection system maintenance and inspection.
- AM.II.M.K4Smoke and carbon monoxide detection systems.
- AM.II.M.K5Fire extinguishing agents.
- AM.II.M.K6Types of fire extinguishing systems.
- AM.II.M.K7Fire extinguishing system maintenance and inspection requirements.
- AM.II.M.R1Maintenance on circuits associated with fire bottle squibs.
- AM.II.M.R2Use of PPEs when working on or testing fire extinguishing systems.
- AM.II.M.R3Fire extinguishing agents.
N. Rotorcraft Fundamentals
- AM.II.N.K1Rotorcraft aerodynamics.
- AM.II.N.K2Flight controls.
- AM.II.N.K3Transmissions.
- AM.II.N.K4Rigging requirements for rotary wing aircraft.
- AM.II.N.K5Design, type, and operation of rotor systems.
- AM.II.N.K6Helicopter skid shoe and tube inspection.
- AM.II.N.K7Rotor blade functions and construction.
- AM.II.N.K8Rotor vibrations, track, and balance.
- AM.II.N.K9Drive system vibrations and inspection.
- AM.II.N.R1Working around helicopter blades during ground operations.
- AM.II.N.R2Ground-handling procedures.
- AM.II.N.R3Ground operations and functional tests.
- AM.II.N.R4Maintenance and inspection of rotorcraft systems and components.
A&P Powerplant
A. Reciprocating Engines
- AM.III.A.K1Types of reciprocating engines.
- AM.III.A.K2Reciprocating engine operating principles/theory of operation.
- AM.III.A.K3Internal combustion engine operating principles/theory of operation.
- AM.III.A.K4Horizontally-opposed engine construction and internal components.
- AM.III.A.K5Radial engine construction and internal components.
- AM.III.A.K6Storage and preservation.
- AM.III.A.K7Reciprocating engine performance (e.g., PLANK, SFC).
- AM.III.A.K8Reciprocating engine maintenance and inspection.
- AM.III.A.K9Reciprocating engine ground operations.
- AM.III.A.K10Diesel engine operating principles/theory of operation.
- AM.III.A.R1Maintenance that requires moving the propeller.
- AM.III.A.R2Preparation for and ground operation of a reciprocating engine.
- AM.III.A.R3Actions in the event of a reciprocating engine fire.
- AM.III.A.R4Use of other than manufacturer's procedures during maintenance.
B. Turbine Engines
- AM.III.B.K1Turbine engine operating principles/theory of operation.
- AM.III.B.K2Types of turbine engines.
- AM.III.B.K3Turbine engine construction and internal components.
- AM.III.B.K4Turbine engine performance and monitoring.
- AM.III.B.K5Turbine engine troubleshooting, maintenance, and inspection procedures.
- AM.III.B.K6Procedures required after the installation of a turbine engine.
- AM.III.B.K7Causes for turbine engine performance loss.
- AM.III.B.K8Bleed air systems.
- AM.III.B.K9Storage and preservation.
- AM.III.B.K10Auxiliary power unit(s).
- AM.III.B.K11Turbine engine adjustment and testing.
- AM.III.B.R1Operation of a turbine engine.
- AM.III.B.R2Performing maintenance on a turbine engine.
- AM.III.B.R3Actions in the event of a turbine engine fire.
- AM.III.B.R4Foreign object damage.
C. Engine Inspection
- AM.III.C.K1Inspection requirements under 14 CFR part 43 and 14 CFR part 91.
- AM.III.C.K2Identification of life-limited parts and their replacement interval.
- AM.III.C.K3Special inspections.
- AM.III.C.K4Use of FAA-approved data.
- AM.III.C.K5Compliance with service letters, service bulletins, instructions for continued airworthiness, ADs, or TCDSs.
- AM.III.C.K6Maintenance recordkeeping requirements under 14 CFR part 43.
- AM.III.C.K7Engine component inspection, checking, and servicing.
- AM.III.C.K8Engine mounts, mounting hardware, and the inspection and checking of each.
- AM.III.C.R1A compression test on a reciprocating engine.
- AM.III.C.R2Maintenance on an operating reciprocating engine.
- AM.III.C.R3Maintenance on an operating turbine engine.
D. Engine Instrument Systems
- AM.III.D.K1Fuel flow.
- AM.III.D.K2Temperature (e.g., exhaust gas, oil, oil cylinder head, turbine inlet).
- AM.III.D.K3Engine speed indicating systems.
- AM.III.D.K4Pressure (e.g., air, fuel, manifold, oil).
- AM.III.D.K5Annunciator indicating systems (e.g., warning, caution, and advisory lights).
- AM.III.D.K6Torquemeters.
- AM.III.D.K7Engine pressure ratio (EPR).
- AM.III.D.K8Engine indicating and crew alerting system (EICAS).
- AM.III.D.K9Digital engine control module (e.g., full authority digital engine controls (FADEC)).
- AM.III.D.K10Electronic centralized aircraft monitor (ECAM).
- AM.III.D.K11Engine instrument range markings and instrument conditions.
- AM.III.D.R1Maintenance damage to the instrument or indicating system.
- AM.III.D.R2Engine instrument calibration or instrument error.
E. Engine Fire Protection Systems
- AM.III.E.K1Types of fires and engine fire zones.
- AM.III.E.K2Fire detection warning system operation.
- AM.III.E.K3Fire detection system maintenance and inspection requirements.
- AM.III.E.K4Fire extinguishing agents, types of systems, and operation.
- AM.III.E.K5Fire extinguishing system maintenance and inspection.
- AM.III.E.R1Container discharge cartridges.
- AM.III.E.R2Extinguishing agents.
- AM.III.E.R3Maintenance on circuits associated with electrically-activated container discharge cartridges (squibs).
F. Engine Electrical Systems
- AM.III.F.K1Generators.
- AM.III.F.K2Alternators.
- AM.III.F.K3Starter generators.
- AM.III.F.K4Voltage regulators and overvoltage and overcurrent protection.
- AM.III.F.K5DC generation systems.
- AM.III.F.K6AC generation systems.
- AM.III.F.K7The procedure for locating the correct electrical cable/wire size needed to fabricate a cable/wire.
- AM.III.F.K8The purpose and procedure for paralleling a dual-generator electrical system.
- AM.III.F.K9CSD and IDG systems and components.
- AM.III.F.K10Engine electrical wiring, switches, and protective devices.
- AM.III.F.R1Polarity when performing electrical system maintenance.
- AM.III.F.R2Actions in response to a warning or caution annunciator light.
- AM.III.F.R3Maintenance on energized aircraft circuits/systems.
- AM.III.F.R4Routing and security of wiring near flammable fluid lines.
G. Engine Lubrication Systems
- AM.III.G.K1Types, grades, and uses of engine oil.
- AM.III.G.K2Lubrication system operation and components.
- AM.III.G.K3Wet-sump system.
- AM.III.G.K4Dry-sump system.
- AM.III.G.K5Chip detectors.
- AM.III.G.K6Lubrication system maintenance, inspection, servicing, and analysis.
- AM.III.G.K7Excessive aircraft engine oil consumption.
- AM.III.G.R1Use or mixing of engine oils.
- AM.III.G.R2Following other than manufacturer's recommendations regarding the use of engine lubricants.
- AM.III.G.R3Handling, storage, and disposal of used lubricating oil.
H. Ignition and Starting Systems
- AM.III.H.K1Ignition system theory.
- AM.III.H.K2Spark plug theory.
- AM.III.H.K3Shower of sparks and impulse coupling.
- AM.III.H.K4Three electrical circuits of a magneto system.
- AM.III.H.K5Solid-state ignition systems.
- AM.III.H.K6Digital engine control module (e.g., FADEC).
- AM.III.H.K7Engine starters.
- AM.III.H.K8Magneto system components and operation.
- AM.III.H.K9Turbine engine ignition systems.
- AM.III.H.R1Advanced and retarded ignition timing (piston engine).
- AM.III.H.R2Maintenance on engines with capacitor discharge ignition systems.
- AM.III.H.R3Working around reciprocating engines with an ungrounded magneto.
I. Engine Fuel and Fuel Metering Systems
- AM.III.I.K1Fuel/air ratio and fuel metering, and carburetor theory and operation.
- AM.III.I.K2Float carburetor theory, components, operation, and adjustment.
- AM.III.I.K3Pressure carburetor theory, operation, and adjustment.
- AM.III.I.K4Continuous-flow fuel injection theory, components, operation, troubleshooting and adjustment.
- AM.III.I.K5Digital engine control module (e.g., FADEC).
- AM.III.I.K6Hydromechanical fuel control system design and components.
- AM.III.I.K7Fuel nozzles and manifolds design, operation, and maintenance.
- AM.III.I.K8Components, theory, and operation of turbine engine fuel metering system.
- AM.III.I.K9Inspection requirements for an engine fuel system.
- AM.III.I.K10Fuel system operation.
- AM.III.I.K11Fuel heaters.
- AM.III.I.K12Fuel lines.
- AM.III.I.K13Fuel pumps.
- AM.III.I.K14Fuel valves.
- AM.III.I.K15Fuel filters.
- AM.III.I.K16Engine fuel drains.
- AM.III.I.R1Adjusting a turbine engine fuel control.
- AM.III.I.R2Adjusting reciprocating engine fuel control systems.
- AM.III.I.R3Handling of fuel metering system components that may contain fuel.
- AM.III.I.R4Considerations during fuel system maintenance.
- AM.III.I.R5Handling of engine fuel control units that may contain fuel.
J. Reciprocating Engine Induction and Cooling Systems
- AM.III.J.K1Reciprocating engine induction and cooling system theory, components, and operation.
- AM.III.J.K2Causes and effects of induction system icing.
- AM.III.J.K3Superchargers and controls.
- AM.III.J.K4Turbochargers, intercoolers, and controls.
- AM.III.J.K5Augmenter cooling system.
- AM.III.J.K6Induction system filtering.
- AM.III.J.K7Carburetor heaters.
- AM.III.J.K8Pressure cowling air flow and control.
- AM.III.J.K9Reciprocating engine baffle and seal installation.
- AM.III.J.K10Liquid cooling system theory, components, and operation.
- AM.III.J.R1Maintenance on turbochargers.
- AM.III.J.R2Ground operation of aircraft engines.
- AM.III.J.R3Maintenance-related FOD.
- AM.III.J.R4Chemicals used in liquid cooling systems.
K. Turbine Engine Air Systems
- AM.III.K.K1Air cooling system theory, components, and operation.
- AM.III.K.K2Turbine engine cowling air flow.
- AM.III.K.K3Turbine engine internal cooling.
- AM.III.K.K4Turbine engine baffle and seal installation.
- AM.III.K.K5Turbine engine insulation blankets and shrouds.
- AM.III.K.K6Turbine engine induction system theory, components, and operation.
- AM.III.K.K7Turbine engine bleed air system theory, components, and operation.
- AM.III.K.K8Turbine engine anti-ice system
- AM.III.K.R1Maintenance on compressor bleed air systems.
- AM.III.K.R2Ground operation of aircraft engines following other than manufacturer's instructions.
L. Engine Exhaust and Reverser Systems
- AM.III.L.K1Reciprocating engine exhaust system theory, components, operation, and inspection.
- AM.III.L.K2Turbine engine exhaust system theory, components, operation, and inspection.
- AM.III.L.K3Noise suppression theory, components, and operation (e.g., mufflers, hush kits, augmenter tubes).
- AM.III.L.K4Thrust reverser theory, components, and operation.
- AM.III.L.R1Maintenance and inspection of exhaust system components.
- AM.III.L.R2Operation of turbine engine reversing systems.
- AM.III.L.R3Operation of reciprocating engines with exhaust systems leaks.
- AM.III.L.R4Exhaust system failures.
- AM.III.L.R5Ground operation of aircraft engines.
M. Propellers
- AM.III.M.K1Propeller theory and operation.
- AM.III.M.K2Types of propellers and blade design.
- AM.III.M.K3Pitch control and adjustment.
- AM.III.M.K4Constant speed propeller and governor theory and operation.
- AM.III.M.K5Turbine engine propeller reverse/beta range operation.
- AM.III.M.K6Propeller servicing, maintenance, and inspection requirements.
- AM.III.M.K7Procedures for removal and installation of a propeller.
- AM.III.M.K8Propeller TCDS.
- AM.III.M.K9Propeller synchronization systems.
- AM.III.M.K10Propeller ice control systems.
- AM.III.M.R1Ground operation.
- AM.III.M.R2Propeller maintenance and inspections.